The army of autonomous robots restoring nature - Tom Chi

So over the last decade, I've been working on resolving a profound paradox.

在过去十年里，我一直在致力于解决一个深刻的矛盾。

And simply stated, it's that if you go and talk with any person, actually you could go grab 100 random people off the street and you were to go ask them, you know, how do they feel about nature?

简单来说就是，如果你去和任何人交谈，实际上你可以从街上随机拉100个人，然后去问他们对大自然的感觉如何？

You're going to end up with extremely positive answers ranging from, you know, nature is inspiring, you know, nature, you know is is the most beautiful thing that that exists and you'll see it everywhere.

你会得到极其积极的答案，比如大自然鼓舞人心，大自然是现存最美好的事物，而且随处可见。

They'll put it as the backdrop of their desktop and their phones, like like every little thing. Absolutely, eh? Every single person you ask you're going to get like a pretty positive response.

他们会把大自然的景象设为桌面和手机的背景，诸如此类。确实如此，对吧？你问的每一个人都会给出相当积极的回应。

And even though if you ask all these individuals how they feel about nature, they're really positive about it somehow. As a collective civilization, we've come together and we are destroying nature at a planetary scale. And therein lies the paradox. How did this happen?

尽管你问这些人对大自然的看法时，他们都很积极。但作为一个集体文明，我们却在全球范围内破坏大自然。这就是矛盾所在。这是怎么发生的呢？

How did a group of individuals that all love nature somehow create a civilization, create an industrial economy that is out there effectively? Planetary level assault on nature?

一群热爱大自然的人，怎么会创造出一个实际上在全球范围内对大自然发起攻击的文明和工业经济呢？

Well, I think it actually stems from a broken mental model that we've kind of unconsciously adopted. And I'd like to start dissolving that right now.

嗯，我认为这实际上源于我们在不知不觉中采用的一种错误思维模式。我现在就想开始打破这种模式。

And that's a mental model that whenever you get economic wins, they are traded off against the ecology. And if you really care about the ecology and you really want to make that healthier, unfortunately you're going to have to trade off economic wins, right? It's one or the other. It's kind of a balancing act.

这种思维模式认为，每当你取得经济成果时，都要以牺牲生态为代价。如果你真的关心生态，真的想让生态更健康，不幸的是，你就必须牺牲经济成果，对吧？只能二选一。这有点像一种平衡行为。

And depending on how much we care about the ec economy or how much we care about the ecology, at any given time, the pendulum swings one way, the scale swings one way or it swings the other.

根据我们在任何特定时间对经济或生态的关心程度，钟摆会摆向一边，天平也会倾向一方或另一方。

And I'm going to tell you that, sure, that is a psychological position that you can take, but it's actually not one that is particularly physically true.

我要告诉你们，当然，这是一种你可以持有的心理立场，但实际上从现实角度来看并非如此。

I'm formally trained as a physicist. I do think about what is physically true. And what is actually much more true about the economy is the economy is not versus ecology. The economy is a subset of theology.

我是一名受过正规训练的物理学家。我思考的是现实中的真实情况。实际上，关于经济，更真实的情况是经济并非与生态对立。经济是生态的一个子集。

And maybe this is a new idea to you guys, but I can prove it to you very quickly. Actually, you could prove it to yourself even just with the clothes on your body or the things immediately around you.

也许这对你们来说是个新观点，但我可以很快向你们证明。实际上，你甚至可以通过自己身上穿的衣服或身边的东西来证明这一点。

Because if you think about and you look at everything that the economy has produced, everything in the economy is either mined or grown. Which means it comes directly from nature. No abstractions.

因为如果你想想并看看经济所生产的一切，经济中的所有东西要么是开采出来的，要么是种植出来的。这意味着它们直接来自大自然，没有任何抽象性。

You guys might be, you know, wearing some cotton, obviously grown. You'll be sitting on a chair that's got some metal underneath it that was mined. Everything in the economy is minder grown, full stop.

你们可能穿着棉质衣服，显然是种植出来的。你可能坐在一把椅子上，椅子下面有开采出来的金属。经济中的所有东西都是开采或种植出来的，仅此而已。

And some of you guys might be thinking like, well, aren't we moving to a digital economy, a virtual economy? Well, not really.

你们中的一些人可能会想，我们不是正在向数字经济、虚拟经济迈进吗？嗯，其实并非如此。

Like every line of code that has ever run runs on a substrate that was mined or grown. Every single service you've ever used is using server architectures that are mined or grown.

每一行运行过的代码都运行在开采或种植出来的基础材料之上。你使用过的每一项服务都依赖于开采或种植出来的服务器架构。

When I say the entire economy is mined or grown, I mean it literally. There's literally nothing that doesn't come directly from nature, and to the extent that you damage the ecology, you actually start to create problems for the economy. And this is what we're experiencing right now.

当我说整个经济都是开采或种植出来的，我是认真的。确实没有什么不是直接来自大自然的，而且在某种程度上，你破坏生态实际上就开始给经济带来问题。这就是我们现在正在经历的。

And if you think about it in this balancing act type way, you're going to Miss the right way to actually fix these problems.

如果你以这种平衡行为的方式来思考，你就会错过真正解决这些问题的正确方法。

Now. Let's talk about exactly how much we are mining and growing. At this point in history, it's over 90 billion tons per year. It comes out to about 11 a half tons per person per year.

现在，让我们来谈谈我们具体开采和种植了多少。在历史的这个阶段，每年超过900亿吨。平均下来每人每年约11.5吨。

And if you guys feel like you don't do that much, well, I'll, I'll shock you to say that 11 a half is the average in Asia, but Europe is about two X that and America is three X that, yay.

如果你们觉得自己没消耗那么多，那我会很震惊地告诉你们，11.5吨是亚洲的平均水平，但欧洲大约是这个的两倍，美国是三倍，哇哦。

Now there's, you know, 2 billion people that live on less than five dollars a day that are doing substantially less than that. That's why it all balances out. But this is exactly how much we're mining and exactly how much we're growing. Now.

现在，有20亿人每天生活费不到5美元，他们的消耗量远远低于这个水平。这就是为什么能达到平衡。但这就是我们确切的开采量和种植量。

In the process of mining and growing this much and using it to power everything in the economy because like I said, literally everything in the economy is mined or grown. We've been using really old industrial ideas and industrial processes.

在开采和种植这么多并用于驱动经济中的一切的过程中，因为正如我所说，经济中的所有东西确实都是开采或种植出来的。我们一直在使用非常古老的工业理念和工业流程。

Most of how we're growing today was invented about 50 years ago. Most of the ways that we've been mining, refining, metals, all that sort of thing was invented about 100 years ago, 150 years ago.

我们如今大部分的种植方式是大约50年前发明的。我们大部分的采矿、提炼金属等方式是大约100年或150年前发明的。

These are not technologies that we've updated recently. And with the arrival of new robotic and AI tools, I think it's the right time to go ask new questions about whether we could be mining and growing differently in a way that starts to honor this idea that the economy is a subset of the ecology.

这些都不是我们最近更新的技术。随着新的机器人和人工智能工具的出现，我认为现在是时候提出新问题了，即我们是否可以以不同的方式进行开采和种植，从而开始尊重经济是生态子集这一理念。

Now, this is where it overlaps into my world because my entire career has been built off of doing new inventions and robotics, artificial intelligence, advanced algorithms, and I've shipped everything from Microsoft office (sorry about that), you know, to web search (I think that one was fine), to self driving cars.

这就与我的领域重叠了，因为我的整个职业生涯都建立在新发明、机器人技术、人工智能、先进算法之上，我参与过从微软办公软件（不好意思）到网络搜索等各种项目，还有自动驾驶汽车。

So I've worked on relatively sophisticated things. And given that, I have an interesting background perhaps to be able to go look at these problems and see if we can take a different swing at them. And I'm going to share a number of examples with you today.

所以我从事过相对复杂的工作。鉴于此，我或许有一个有趣的背景，能够研究这些问题，看看我们是否能以不同的方式解决它们。今天我将与你们分享一些例子。

Now, these examples fall into three major shifts. Remember everything's mining or growing, and they're represented by these three images.

这些例子分为三个主要转变。记住，所有东西都是开采或种植出来的，由这三张图片代表。

Here we have a bunch of mined materials. And what we need to be doing is we need to figure out more and more ecological ways to be able to go mine materials and get the most of the ores that we extract. So we do the least disturbance of earth and watersheds in the process of mining.

这里有一堆开采出来的材料。我们需要做的是找出越来越多符合生态的方式来开采材料，并从我们提取的矿石中获取最大收益。这样在开采过程中对土地和流域的干扰最小。

In addition, what is even better than mining, you know, more ecologically and mining less is to not mining at all. And to the extent that we're able to go close the loop through really skillful mechanical or chemical recycling, we can have a larger and larger proportion of the feedstock for industry move over to closed loop materials as opposed to virginally extracted materials.

此外，比更环保地开采和减少开采更好的是根本不开采。如果我们能够通过精湛的机械或化学回收来实现闭环，我们就能让越来越多的工业原料从原始开采材料转变为闭环材料。

The second major shift has to do with the way that we grow. A lot of the way that we've been growing currently is very unsustainable. It basically is damaging soil function and little by little we've been kind of wearing down topsoil in agricultural lands all across the world.

第二个主要转变与我们的种植方式有关。我们目前很多种植方式非常不可持续。基本上，它正在破坏土壤功能，我们正在逐渐消耗世界各地农田的表层土壤。

And Gabe Brown is a friend who has taught me a huge amount about regenerative agriculture. And I've really learned from him that if you invest in soil function, you can actually make it easier to grow cheaper to grow, higher margin to grow every single year and do so in a way that is regenerating soil function, giving more services to biodiversity and even healing the hydrological function of those soils.

加布·布朗是我的一位朋友，他教会了我很多关于再生农业的知识。我从他那里学到，如果对土壤功能进行投入，实际上可以让种植更容易、成本更低、每年利润更高，而且这样做还能恢复土壤功能，为生物多样性提供更多服务，甚至恢复这些土壤的水文功能。

And lastly, we need to be thinking about large scale repair. Because we've been at the industrial revolution for a couple hundred years now and there's a lot of landscapes that we've heavily degraded, and if we are serious about the task of renewing the ecology in order to go support a vibrant economy going forward, then we're going to need better tools for large scale repair.

最后，我们需要考虑大规模修复。因为我们已经经历了几百年的工业革命，很多景观已经严重退化，如果我们认真对待恢复生态以支持未来充满活力的经济这一任务，那么我们就需要更好的大规模修复工具。

So let's jump into all three of these. So what is here is actually an image from inside the largest lithium NMC battery recycling plant in North America, a company I have the privilege to work with, and they are a great example of moving closer to that closed, looped world.

那么让我们深入探讨这三个方面。这里展示的实际上是北美最大的锂镍锰钴电池回收厂内部的一张图片，我有幸与这家公司合作，他们是朝着闭环世界迈进的一个很好的例子。

And this is an advanced form of chemical recycling that is able to go bring all of these used battery materials. Because most lithium batteries are kind of have a 10 year life. They don't go too many years beyond that.

这是一种先进的化学回收方式，能够回收所有这些废旧电池材料。因为大多数锂电池的使用寿命约为10年。它们的使用年限不会超过太多。

And after that's the case, well, you know, you can't use it in the car or you can't use it in the consumer electronic device anymore. You want to be able to recover those materials.

在那之后，你知道，你不能再把它用在汽车上，也不能再用在消费电子设备上了。你希望能够回收这些材料。

The process that they do here is about two times cheaper than the next closest process and is able to return the material to complete virgin quality. It's better than the stuff that you would have been able to mine out of the ground in the first place.

他们在这里进行的工艺成本比次优的工艺便宜大约两倍，并且能够将材料恢复到完全原始的质量。它比你最初从地下开采出来的东西还要好。

And if we get really skillful about closing these loops, and what's great is a car battery doesn't just evaporate and disappear, it's a relatively large object that you can go handle and you can do a reverse logistics supply chain and pull these things together.

如果我们在闭合这些循环方面变得非常熟练，而且很棒的是，汽车电池不会蒸发消失，它是一个相对较大的物体，你可以处理它，可以建立逆向物流供应链，把这些东西汇集起来。

And whether it's robotics and AI to do advanced mechanical recycling, or in this case, you know, advanced chemical recycling, then there are really skillful ways with our new technologies to be able to go close the loop and make it so that a higher and higher fraction comes from a post consumer or post industrial waste stream as opposed to from the ground.

无论是用机器人技术和人工智能进行先进的机械回收，还是像这里这样进行先进的化学回收，那么利用我们的新技术，都有非常巧妙的方法来闭合循环，使得越来越高比例的材料来自消费后或工业后的废物流，而不是来自地下。

Now, moving over into the regenerative growing side, we're actually at a really compelling point in history because there's a mini Renaissance in regenerative agriculture that's happening right now with different farmers around the world discovering the benefits of agri forestry intercropping you know, no till agriculture and a lot of other practices that really help to establish a healthy soil function and healthy soil microbiome.

现在，转到再生种植方面，我们实际上正处于一个历史非常引人注目的时刻，因为一场再生农业的小型复兴正在发生，世界各地的不同农民正在发现农林间作、免耕农业以及许多其他实践的好处，这些实践真正有助于建立健康的土壤功能和健康的土壤微生物组，如此有效以至于他们能够去测量土壤中所有这些引人注目的化合物。

So effectively they're able to go and measure all these compelling compounds from the soil so they're able to have the soil speak to them in ways that the soil can basically tell them, hey, here's the next couple things that you should do to make me healthier.

这样他们就能让土壤与他们"对话"，土壤基本上可以告诉他们："嘿，接下来你应该做这几件事让我更健康。"

Instead of it kind of being a black box that needs to get interpreted now, farmers can have a direct relationship with their soils and be really skillful in the management toward greater and greater health, fewer inputs and higher margins every single year.

现在，土壤不再是一个需要解读的黑匣子，农民可以与他们的土壤建立直接的关系，并且在管理上变得非常熟练，朝着越来越健康、每年投入更少、利润更高的方向努力。

Moving on into other ways that that artificial intelligence and machine learning might be really useful for agriculture, the development of corn or maize.

再谈谈人工智能和机器学习可能对农业非常有用的其他方式，比如玉米的发展。

And it was an indigenous project that happened over the course of hundreds of years and they started with basically an inedible bit of grass because corn is actually a type of grass and by selective breeding over generations and generations they went through lots of different varieties until we got to the lots of calories per grow cycle version of corn that is now feeding huge percentage of the calories around the world.

这是一个持续了数百年的本土项目，他们最初是从一种基本上不可食用的草开始的，因为玉米实际上是一种草，经过一代又一代的选择性育种，他们经历了许多不同的品种，直到我们得到了每个生长周期能产生大量热量的玉米版本，现在它供应了全球很大比例的热量。

Now this was an indigenous activity that happened over hundreds of years and really thankful for it, because most of the foods that we eat today we're selectively bred to be as large and healthy and nutritious as we experience them.

这是一项持续了数百年的本土活动，我们真的对此心怀感激，因为我们今天吃的大多数食物都是经过选择性育种，才变得像我们体验到的那样大、健康且营养丰富。

But using artificial intelligence and machine learning, we've been working with a company that has been able to rapidly speed up this process and not through genetic modification, what they do is they're able to take. The sequence information from all the existing commercial crops plus a bunch of native varietals that are not in current circulation and work out what the different gene functions do and then map out exactly the cross breeding pathway in order to go get the desired traits.

但通过使用人工智能和机器学习，我们与一家公司合作，该公司能够在不通过基因改造的情况下快速加快这个过程。他们所做的是获取所有现有商业作物以及一些目前未流通的本地品种的序列信息，弄清楚不同基因的功能，然后精确规划出杂交路径，以获得所需的性状。

So what we have is adaptive sugar cane, which dramatically reduces the amount of deforestation required to get to the yield level that you want.

于是我们得到了适应性甘蔗，它大幅减少了为达到所需产量而需要砍伐森林的数量。

You also have heat resistant tomatoes that are able to grow in way hotter, way drier conditions, which is really important because we're going to go through at least a 50 - year period where we're going to be destabilizing a lot of the farmlands of the earth as the climate destabilizes.

还有耐热西红柿，它们能够在更炎热、更干燥的条件下生长，这非常重要，因为随着气候变得不稳定，我们至少会经历50年的时间，在此期间地球上许多农田的状况也会变得不稳定。

Whether that's hotter, colder, wetter, drier, it's all going to happen and being able to have seed stock that is ready for that challenge is really powerful.

无论是变得更热、更冷、更潮湿还是更干燥，这些情况都会发生，拥有能够应对这些挑战的种子储备非常关键。

And lastly, a cotton that basically is drought tolerant as well requires a fraction of the water, one - tenth of water and much less pesticide and fertilizer input and all of these. Things are fantastic for the planet, but they're also fantastic for the future of us, having viable food and materials in a destabilized, growing environment.

最后，还有一种棉花，它基本耐旱，用水量仅为原来的十分之一，并且所需的农药和化肥投入也少得多。所有这些对地球来说都很棒，对我们的未来也很棒，能让我们在不稳定且不断变化的环境中有可利用的食物和材料。

Lastly, let's get on to scalable restoration and what's really compelling about this company, a company chlororis geospatial is that they've done a a really deep work on sensor fusion across a bunch of satellite feeds and they also paired that with over a decade in the jungles meter - by - meter doing ground truthing data to be able to go really verify how much terrestrial biomass is associated with signals that can be detected from satellites VIA remote sensing.

最后，让我们来谈谈可扩展的修复。这家名为Chlororis Geospatial的公司真正引人注目的地方在于，他们对一系列卫星数据进行了深入的传感器融合研究，并且花了十多年时间在丛林中逐米收集地面实测数据，以便能够真正验证通过卫星遥感检测到的信号与陆地生物量之间的关联程度。

And given this they've been able to make the most accurate, both historical and current assessment of above - ground biomass on planet earth. And the data stretches all the way back to the beginning of the 21st century.

基于此，他们能够对地球上的地上生物量做出最准确的历史和当前评估。这些数据可以追溯到21世纪初。

So over 20 years of data on that front and that really allows us to see which landscapes we're hurting, which landscapes are recovering, and if people are developing restoration projects or carbon projects this is a fantastic way to go stay on top of how those are going.

所以在这方面有超过20年的数据，这真的能让我们看到哪些景观正在受到破坏，哪些正在恢复，如果人们正在开展修复项目或碳项目，这是跟踪项目进展的绝佳方式。

Now, this is, this is great technology and also uses really advanced algorithms and a lot of the things that I've been talking about. But in some ways it's a little bit passive. This doesn't restore the forest itself. This doesn't restore the grassland itself. This just helps people monitor the changing of that.

这是很棒的技术，也使用了非常先进的算法以及我一直在谈论的很多东西。但在某些方面，它有点被动。它并不能直接恢复森林或草原本身，只是帮助人们监测其变化。

But what if we were to get more ambitious? And we were to say let's challenge this linkage between the industrial machines that run our economy and nature, and instead of it having to be an accidental relationship of damage, what would it look like if it was an intentional relationship of active repair?

但如果我们更有雄心呢？如果我们说，让我们挑战运行我们经济的工业机器与自然之间的这种联系，不再让它是一种偶然的破坏关系，而是一种主动修复的有意关系，那会是什么样子呢？

And I'm going to show you that right now with my last two examples. This one's a short video and what you're going to hear, you're going to hear these little ticks and every one of those ticks is a mangrove seed being planted.

现在我将用最后两个例子向你们展示。这是一个短视频，你们会听到这些滴答声，每一声滴答都代表着一颗红树林种子被种下。

The pace of these ticks is basically planting about 100 mangroves per minute from one drone.

这些滴答声的节奏基本上是一架无人机每分钟种植约100棵红树林。

And then two months later, we have over 90% that get to germination. 14 months later, the landscape is fully established over 85% full establishing of the mangroves that were planted.

两个月后，超过90% 的种子发芽。14个月后，种植的红树林超过85% 完全长成。

Now the scale of this technology - the scale that it's capable of is incredible. Just four people are able to go plant over 80 hectares of land representing 120,000 mangroves being planted and over one hundred thousand being established. In a one day.

这项技术的规模——它所能达到的规模令人难以置信。仅四个人一天就能种植超过80公顷的土地，种植12万棵红树林，其中超过10万棵能够长成。

When you get to robotic scale on things, all of a sudden, then human action, human intentions. And if we have good intentions, we can really multiply that in ways that can can completely rewrite our landscapes.

当事情发展到机器人规模时，突然间，人类的行动和意图就能通过这种方式成倍放大。如果我们有好的意图，我们真的可以以一种完全改变我们景观的方式来实现。

And I've worked with this company for about a decade at this point and I got really inspired by them, you know, because they have not just restored mangroves but they've restored 20 different terrestrial ecosystems on four different continents, dry land, inland, mountainous, you know, near - shore, all these sorts of things.

到目前为止，我已经与这家公司合作了大约十年，我真的受到了他们的启发，因为他们不仅恢复了红树林，还在四大洲恢复了20种不同的陆地生态系统，包括旱地、内陆、山区、近岸等各种类型。

And I got inspired like could we also do this below the water. And I'm going to show you something that, that I founded and was the original electrical engineer for, and this is, this is the reef Gen robot, which is basically its own kind of planting drone.

我受到启发，想着我们是否也能在水下做类似的事情。现在我要向你们展示我创立并最初担任电气工程师的成果，这就是珊瑚礁基因机器人，它基本上是一种水下种植无人机。

And this robot line is the first in the world to plant live corals back into a coral reef. It's the first in the world to plant live seagrasses back into seagrass meadows and it can also plant them in seed form as well.

这条机器人生产线是世界上第一个将活珊瑚种植回珊瑚礁的，也是世界上第一个将活海草种植回海草草甸的，它也可以以种子形式种植。

And this robot, you know, has been able to plant ten thousand three hundred seeds in a single day. Which covers an entire underwater acre with one robot in one day.

这个机器人一天能够种植10300颗种子。也就是说，一台机器人一天就能覆盖一英亩的水下区域。

And the other thing that we did is we wanted to make sure that this robot was affordable enough that we could make a bunch of them, right? Because when I went around and I talked to people about the underwater robot that is going to go build to restore these ecosystems, they're like, you should budget like 2 million dollars for the robot. Like if you spent less than that, it's probably not going to do anything interesting.

我们还做了一件事，就是确保这个机器人价格足够亲民，这样我们就能制造很多台，对吧？因为当我四处与人谈论用于恢复这些生态系统的水下机器人时，他们说，你应该为这个机器人预算200万美元左右。如果花费低于这个数，可能做不出什么有意思的东西。

And I remember sitting there thinking like. I was thinking more like 5000 dollars. And we're not quite there but this is more like 10,000 dollars and in the grand scheme of things it's way, way less than 3 million dollars and the whole point is you want this to be an accessible technology to all the communities that have near - shore ecosystems to restore whether they be coral, whether they be seagrasses.

我记得当时我坐在那里想，我觉得5000美元左右就够了。虽然我们还没达到那个价格，但现在差不多是10000美元，从整体来看，这远远低于300万美元，关键是要让所有拥有近岸生态系统（无论是珊瑚还是海草）需要恢复的社区都能使用这项技术。

You want something like this to be also scalable from the capex perspective, right? Like a single billionaire could like spend 50 million dollars and have a fleet of ten thousand of these. And that is actually meaningful scale in terms of ocean restoration of all different types.

你希望从资本支出的角度来看，这样的东西也是可扩展的，对吧？比如一个亿万富翁可以花5000万美元拥有一万台这样的机器人。从各种海洋恢复的角度来看，这实际上是有意义的规模。

I'll show you a little bit more here. So so right here is a stake because this is actually not a seed - planting end - effector that's a seedling - planting end - effector because there's actually two ways to plant seagrasses as well. You can plant it from seed but then there's other types of seagrasses that actually want to be plant as a sapling and they want to grow rhizomically.

我再给你们多展示一点。这里是一个桩，因为这实际上不是一个播种终端执行器，而是一个种苗种植终端执行器，因为种植海草实际上有两种方式。你可以用种子种植，但也有其他类型的海草需要作为幼苗种植，它们会通过根茎生长。

So they send out these little rhizomes laterally and then the grasses grow up from the from the lateral rhizomes that are heading out and this is basically a stake that we go. And put the seagrass seedlings into and then that feeds into, ah, through a tube into a hopper and basically bit by bit.

所以它们会横向发出这些小根茎，然后草从这些横向生长的根茎上长出来。这基本上就是我们放置海草幼苗的桩，然后通过一根管子将幼苗一点点送入料斗。

This current layout is able to go and plant about half an acre of seedlings per day with just one robot. And our next version of it is going to be able to do an acre to an acre and a half in a day per robot.

目前的布局一台机器人每天能够种植大约半英亩的幼苗。我们的下一版本每个机器人每天将能够种植一英亩到一英亩半。

So we are really kind of moving into this space, where by. Really digging into that, that mental model in a different way. Instead of economy versus ecology, we start taking the best tools that we're using in the current economy and robotics and AI, and intentionally using them to support ecology so that we're able to go build both a healthy planet and a healthy economy for the future.

所以我们真的正在进入这样一个领域，以一种不同的方式深入研究那种思维模式。不再是经济与生态对立，我们开始利用当前经济、机器人技术和人工智能中最好的工具，并有意识地用它们来支持生态，以便我们能够为未来建设一个健康的星球和健康的经济。非常感谢。

That was Tom Che at a ted countdown event in new York in partnership with the Bezos earth fund in2025.

以上是汤姆·谢在2025年纽约TED倒计时活动上与贝索斯地球基金合作的演讲。